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Wilderness Areas Suffer From Human Sound
荒野地区遭受人类噪音影响
“Noise can prevent an animal from hearing other important sounds.”Rachel Buxton, a conservation biologist at Colorado State University. Buxton and colleagues wanted to see, or rather hear, whether sounds made by human activity—called anthropogenic sound, think airplanes, highway traffic, heavy machinery—were significant in protected areas around the country.
“噪声可以阻止动物听到其他重要的声音。”科罗拉多州立大学的生物学家Rachel Buxton说。Buxton和同事们希望看到,或者听到的声音,是否人类活动的人为声音——飞机、公路交通、重型机械声音——在整个国家地域里起到非常重要的作用。
“Park Service engineers on our team used over a million hours of acoustic measurements taken from 492 sites around the contiguous United States. And they built a sound model…so to get at an idea of noise pollution, we used two thresholds: where anthropogenic noise raises sound levels three and 10 decibels above natural.”
“我们的团队的公园服务工程师使用了来自美国各地的492个地方的一百万小时的声学测量数据。他们建立了一个健全的模型…所以,为了获取噪音污染的研究方法,我们使用了两个阈值:人为噪音提高三个声级和10分贝以上的自然声级。
Which translates to a doubling and 10-times increase in sound levels. Buxton and her team determined that humans were responsible for doubling the sound in 63 percent of protected areas. And we raise the natural sound levels by 10 times in 21 percent of such landscapes.
这意味着声音水平增加一倍和10倍。Buxton和她的团队确定,人类对保护区的63%的声音负责。在21%的景观中,我们提高了10倍自然声音水平。
“These levels are known to impact both the human experience in national parks and have a range of repercussions for wildlife…so animals use sounds for many essential life functions, such as predator avoidance, navigation, finding food, mate attraction and maintenance of social groups. So not being able to hear these sounds has serious consequences.”The study is in the journal Science, which also provided the audio of Buxton. [Rachel T. Buxton et al, Noise pollution is pervasive in U.S. protected areas)
“这些水平既影响了国家公园的人类体验,也对野生动物产生了一系列的影响,因此动物们利用声音完成许多重要的生活功能,如躲避捕食者、导航、寻找食物、吸引配偶和维护社会群体等。所以不能听到这些声音会有严重的后果。”这项研究结果发表在科学杂志上,还提供了Buxton的音频。[ Rachel T. Buxton et al,在美国保护区的噪声污染是普遍的)
“The challenge here is managing noise sources that are coming from outside the protected area…however, our paper provides some really valuable information and options for managing noise and also enhancing opportunities to enjoy natural quiet.”Because it’s not just the non-human residents of wilderness areas that need some peace and quiet.
“这里的挑战是管理噪声的来源——那些来自保护区以外的噪音…但是,我们的论文对管理噪声和享受自然宁静风光提供了一些非常有价值的信息和选项。“因为不仅仅是荒野地区的非人类居民需要一些和平和安静。
—Steve Mirsky
—来自Steve Mirsky的报道。
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