0602口译与听力 Uint12（流畅）

gems Standard press conference, speech by director de bills and central selling organization

one

Good morning ladies and gentlemen：

my last visit to china Was approximately Two years ago, And I am very happy to be back in this exciting country. One cannot help but feel immensely impressed, when one sees at first hand the tremendous pace development here, And I can certainly see great changes in the Diamond industry of china.

Today Marks another major Step forward in the Diamond world with the Lunch by the s t s b and n g t c of The china standards which de beers are very pleased to indoors. de beers welcome such a new development and initiated by trade bodies Which help maintain consumer confidence in a Unique product tol the benefit of the industry. In the diamond world china is unusual, You produce some 150,000 carats per annum; prospectors are at work to find new sources, diamond are cut and polished here; There is a diamond jewelry manufacturing business and Finally china has a growing consumer market for diamond jewelry which Reflect staggering growth Achieved by your economy. China therefore is one of the few countries in the world which has a total involvement with the diamond Business.

But I would like to tell you a little About de beers.Our company has a central and Unique position within the global dismond industry.

We were formed over 100 years ago in 1888,And have three specific areas of activity.

We might over 50% by value 4of the word gem diamond and in fact operates 18 diamond mines in southern africa, namely south africa,namibia, Botswanna And tanzania,Together with our partners.

We sell these diamonds through the de beers central selling organization whose principal offices are in london, together with diamonds purchased under contract from other major work producer, including angola, russia and zaire, And we market most of the world's gem diamond production.

We managed a portfolio of international investments, which provides us a income, (which in 1999 amounted to Nine point six billion us dollars), with the particular purpose of helping to cushion the effects upon de beers, and therefore the industry of economic recession .

de beers however has one overriding objective, the Maintenance Of stability throughout diamond industry. Stability of supply and prices, It is only through stability that confidence for what is ,after all , a Luxury item Can be sustained .We believe that There is no one involved in the diamond industry ,Who does not benefit from this policy of Stablity. This is why de beers from the central selling organization over 60 years ago , To concentrated the marketing of the word's rough diamonds Through one Channel .

I now want to talk a little more about de beers central selling organization ,As it does perhaps requires some explanation .The central selling organization or c s o four short ,Is the umbrella name given to a number of companies within the bills group, which by sort, value and sell uncut or rough diamonds .Our sales in 1995, were over four point five billion us dollars .

the rough gem diamonds are sorted by size ,Colour, And quality into over five thousand individual classification . This is exacting task is carried out by over five hundred highly skilled diamond sorting stuff in london, Backed up by Sophisticated Machines .

once the diamonds have been classified, they are sold at what we call "sights" which take place ten times a year when one hundred sixteen Of the world's leading diamond manufacturers(People who cut and polished diamonds ),And dealers come to inspect and purchase the diamonds we had individually prepared for them .

Most of the cso's clients, come from the traditional diamond counting centers:New york, Tel Aviv, antwerp, and mumbai. However ,In recent years ,There has been a move to polishing in southeast asia .The c s o now has to direct Sightholders in china while We supply another ten sightholders thousand soldiers who have joint venture operation in china. For us at de beers a central selling organization, we are delighted by this as it confirms china's position as a member of the community of diamond nations.

山东暂时管理公司总裁在中国砖石节上的发言

尊敬的德比尔斯公司，各位代表

尊敬的中国暂时业界的同行们朋友们

有机会与世界及国内钻石首饰，业界的同事们山东工艺品进出口集团股份有限公司青岛京华饰品有限公司向同行们问候致礼

作为国内从事钻石加工经营最早的专业公司之一，京华饰品有限公司开业已有十二年了，其间经历了中国钻石加工业的几次大的起伏，现在确实有必要来回顾反省一下钻石加工业和经营的道路方式，以便正确地较为迅速的开发中国这个世界上最大的钻饰潜在市场，这是我们与同行们的共同责任

早在八十年代中期，由中国工艺品进出口总公司牵头，在中国各大进出口岸及主要省份开始兴办钻石加工厂，到1987年至1988年正像世界钻石行业兴旺期一样，在股东，福建，上海，山东，北京，河南，河北，江西湖北，陕西等地都建立起众多的钻石加工厂，其中广东山东河南同期建厂都曾达十几家，到近二十几家之多，引进的技术主要分两大类，一是以欧洲香港等地专家传授高档的暂时加工技术，另一类是以磨澳钻及低档钻为主的粗磨技术专业人士来自于印度，斯里兰卡等地，全国从业人员达五六千人之多。应该说，那段历史本应是中国钻石业发展的绝好机会，因为当时装配价格相对便宜，加工小赚加工费，占钻石成本的12%-20%是非常有利可图的但由于中央组织部的立即对暂时经营的认知定位不明确等种种原因，轰轰烈烈的场面仅仅维持了不到三年，到1992年时大部分省份的占市场关闭向河南广东等地的工厂几乎全部停顿使山东客场也濒临停产边缘，大部分工厂只剩下几十名工人，痛定思痛之后，中国暂时加工经营业的人士重新调整了经营方针和方向，即必须加工高档次好做工的中小站，避开与印度几十万加工大军的竞争中管理重新树立起中国钻石加工业的形象和良好信誉，也靠严格有效的管理来取得越来越不容易的取得的，加工经营效益各地都经历了卧薪尝胆式的改造

值得高兴的是，到目前为止，中国暂时加工业又恢复了历史的辉煌，以上海，山东，广东等几大基地为主，全国也有了七十几家具有一定规模的水平的暂时厂至于一些小规模的工厂可能更多仅山东工业集团属下就有投资工厂，十四家之多，加工人员超过2300人，年加工能力超过15万克拉，上海从业人员应不少于此数。

中国目前的暂时加工厂家大致分为三种类型，一属较大规模的全民制企业，集体制企业，如山东，上海等地的大多数工厂，二，外商独资或变相独资的企业有关动物前几家较大规模的公三，私营中小规模的企业，广东上海，山东及其他地区都有几类企业都在继续探索中国的加工市场，但所有暂时业界的人士都一致认为，中国人心灵手巧，领悟力高，特别适合从事精细的暂时加工，在泰国，马来西亚等地人力费用不断上涨，无法长久维持加工业存在的时候中亏这叫为理想的小规模暂时加工地区，加之中国机械加工水准较高，完全能够自行生产，知道大部分的魔钻设备工具，大大降低了行业的投资成本和缩短了回报期，更吸引了世界各地钻石客商来华投资或加工当然，中国暂时业发展也存在着不少不利因素，由于几年前经营惨淡甚至现在有些大口岸仍然经营亏损，所以各地对暂时经营的投入心有余悸，不敢有太大的动作，这就是为什么全国只有上海等待cs欧货全面仅仅经过不足一年又被迫放弃的原因，另外，由于外商独资站在投资建厂方面起点高几乎是不计成本，而加工费结算方面又不高（外商是你暂时经营，销售，为整体经营调剂手段的）给中国自己的加工业造成不小的压力，所以整体来说，中国钻石加工厂今年效益平平，加上今年俄罗斯澳大利亚的因素影响小，赚市场经营在目前阶段给中国的钻石加工业造成了相当的困难和压力（大部分地区的工厂都开工不足）。